Applications include use with refrigeration dehydration, brake line evacuation, epoxy degassing, sterilization, mass spectrometry, vacuum ovens, lasers, backing combinations, thin film coating, vacuum distillation, freeze drying, space research and other vacuum processes. The Edwards E2M1.5 vacuum pumps have a pumping speed displacement at 60Hz of 1.2 CFM and an ultimate pressure of 1.1 x 10 -3 Torr.